2906. Design Pattern - Prototype
Prototype Pattern

Creational Pattern: Prototype Pattern.

1. Prototype Pattern

Prototype pattern refers to creating duplicate object while keeping performance in mind. Specify the kinds of objects to create using a prototypical instance, and create new objects by copying this prototype.

2. Example of Implementation

2.1 Base Class

public abstract class Shape implements Cloneable {
 
    private String id;
    protected String type;
 
    abstract void draw();
 
    public String getType(){
        return type;
    }
 
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public Object clone() {
        Object clone = null;
 
        try {
            clone = super.clone();
 
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
        return clone;
    }
}

2.2 Classes

public class Circle extends Shape {
    public Circle(){
        type = "Circle";
    }
 
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
    }
}
 
public class Rectangle extends Shape {
 
    public Rectangle(){
        type = "Rectangle";
    }
 
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Rectangle");
    }
}
 
public class Square extends Shape {
 
    public Square(){
        type = "Square";
    }
 
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Square");
    }
}

2.3 Usage

public class ShapeCache {
    private static Map<String, Shape> mapShape = new HashMap<>();
 
    public static Shape getShape(String shapeId) {
        Shape cachedShape = mapShape.get(shapeId);
        return (Shape) cachedShape.clone();
    }
 
    public static void loadCache() {
        Circle circle = new Circle();
        circle.setId("1");
        mapShape.put(circle.getId(), circle);
 
        Square square = new Square();
        square.setId("2");
        mapShape.put(square.getId(), square);
 
        Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle();
        rectangle.setId("3");
        mapShape.put(rectangle.getId(), rectangle);
    }
}

Get new object from cache without directly creating new instance.

public class Client {
    public void run() {
        ShapeCache.loadCache();
 
        Shape clonedShape = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("1");
        System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape.getType());
 
        Shape clonedShape2 = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("2");
        System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape2.getType());
 
        Shape clonedShape3 = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("3");
        System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape3.getType());
    }
}

Output.

Shape : Circle
Shape : Square
Shape : Rectangle

3. Source Files

4. References