2913. Design Pattern - Decorator
Decorator Pattern

Structural Pattern: Decorator Pattern.

1. Decorator Pattern

The Decorator pattern allows a user to add new functionality to an existing object without altering its structure. This pattern creates a decorator class which wraps the original class and provides additional functionality keeping class methods signature intact.

2. Example

2.1 Shapes

public interface Shape {
    void draw();
}
 
public class Circle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
    }
}
 
public class Rectangle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Rectangle");
    }
}

2.2 Decorators

public abstract class ShapeDecorator implements Shape {
    protected Shape decoratedShape;
 
    public ShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape){
        this.decoratedShape = decoratedShape;
    }
 
    public void draw(){
        decoratedShape.draw();
    }
}
 
public class RedShapeDecorator extends ShapeDecorator {
 
    public RedShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape) {
        super(decoratedShape);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        decoratedShape.draw();
        setRedBorder(decoratedShape);
    }
 
    private void setRedBorder(Shape decoratedShape){
        System.out.println("Border Color: Red");
    }
}

2.3 Client

public class Client {
    public void draw() {
        Shape circle = new Circle();
 
        Shape redCircle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Circle());
 
        Shape redRectangle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Rectangle());
        System.out.println("Circle with normal border");
        circle.draw();
 
        System.out.println("\nCircle of red border");
        redCircle.draw();
 
        System.out.println("\nRectangle of red border");
        redRectangle.draw();
    }
}

Output.

Circle with normal border
Shape: Circle

Circle of red border
Shape: Circle
Border Color: Red

Rectangle of red border
Shape: Rectangle
Border Color: Red

3. Source Files

4. References